Metal Bell Casting [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Metal Bell Casting Short Definition Shaping a bell by pouring molten metal into a bell-form mold and finishing…
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Ropewalk Machinery [Medieval Inventions Series]
Item Value Invention Name Ropewalk Machinery Short Definition Mechanized systems that spin, strand, and lay fibers into rope along a…
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Soapstone Mold Casting [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Soapstone Mold Casting Short Definition Carved soapstone used as a reusable casting mould for small metal objects Approximate…
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Mechanical escapement [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Mechanical Escapement Short Definition Mechanism that meters power into timed “steps” for a clock or watch Approximate Date…
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Wind-Powered Grain Mill [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Value Invention Name Wind-Powered Grain Mill Short Definition Wind-driven machine that turns grain into flour using millstones Approximate Date…
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Textile Spinning Wheel [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Textile Spinning Wheel Short Definition Hand-powered tool that turns fiber into yarn Approximate Date / Period Origins: unclear…
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Movable Type Printing (Bi Sheng) [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Value Invention Name Movable Type Printing (Bi Sheng) Short Definition A printing method that uses reusable individual characters to…
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Gunpowder Rocket (Song Dynasty) [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Profile Invention Name Gunpowder Rocket (Song Dynasty) Short Definition A self-propelled fire-arrow device powered by gunpowder thrust. Approximate Date…
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Rudder (Sternpost Type) [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Sternpost Rudder (sternpost type) Short Definition Centerline steering blade hinged to a ship’s sternpost Approximate Date / Period…
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Hydraulic Forge Bellows [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Value Invention Name Hydraulic Forge Bellows Short Definition Water-linked systems that deliver a steady blast of air to a…
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Water-Raising Wheel [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Water-Raising Wheel (water-lifting wheel) Short Definition Rotary device that lifts water using buckets, boxes, or compartments Approx. Date…
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Mechanical Organ [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Mechanical Organ Short Definition (1 sentence) Self-playing organ that converts a stored music program into wind-driven notes. Approximate…
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Manuscript Illumination [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Manuscript Illumination Short Definition Handwritten books enhanced with painted decoration and, in many cases, reflective metal (often gold)…
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Spectacles Grinding Technique [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Spectacle Lens Grinding Technique Short Definition Shaping and polishing lenses to a specified optical power Approximate Date /…
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Mariner’s Astrolabe [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Mariner’s Astrolabe (Nautical/Sea Astrolabe) Short Definition Hanging angle-measuring tool for Sun/Star Altitude to estimate Latitude Approximate Date /…
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Sextant Precursor [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Octant (Reflecting Quadrant) Short Definition Mirror-based sea instrument for measuring celestial altitude; direct sextant forerunner Approximate Date /…
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Distillation Apparatus [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Distillation Apparatus Short Definition Boil–condense device for separating or purifying liquids Approximate Date / Period Antiquity–Medieval refinement; 9th–10th…
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Moat Drainage System [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Moat Drainage System Short Definition Water-level control for a moat using managed inflow and outflow. Approximate Date /…
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Fortified Stone Castle [Medieval Inventions Series]
Item Value Invention Name Fortified Stone Castle Short Definition Stone-built defended residence with controlled access and layered enclosures Approximate Date…
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Gothic Arch [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Gothic Arch (Pointed Arch) Short Definition Pointed arch; two curved sides meet at an apex Approximate Date /…
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Flying Buttress [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Flying Buttress Short Definition External masonry arch support that redirects vault thrust to an outer pier Details Approximate…
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Drawbridge Mechanism [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Verified Detail Invention Name Drawbridge Mechanism Short Definition Movable bridge span that lifts to manage crossing access and clearance….
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Mechanical Bell Tower [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Mechanical Bell Tower (Tower Clock With Bell Mechanism) Short Definition A building-scale clock system that uses gears and…
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Chain-Driven Clock Escapement [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Chain-Driven Clock Escapement Short Definition Escapement-regulated clockwork paired with a chain transmission for controlled, long-distance power transfer Approximate…
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Plate armor [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Plate Armor (Plate Armour) Short Definition Articulated metal plates forming a close-fitting protective shell Approximate Date / Period…
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Longbow [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Longbow Short Definition A tall bow with long limbs that bends to store elastic energy and sends an…
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Trebuchet (Counterweight Type) [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Data Invention Name Trebuchet (counterweight type) Short Definition Gravity-driven lever launcher with a sling Approximate Date / Period Mid–Late…
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Cannon [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Cannon Short Definition Metal barrel that launches a projectile using expanding gas Approximate Date / Period Late 13th–Early…
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Gunpowder weapons [Medieval Inventions Series]
Invention Name Gunpowder Weapons Short Definition Projectile-launch devices powered by black powder gas pressure Approximate Date / Period 9th century…
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Paper Mill (Europe) [Medieval Inventions Series]
Field Value Invention Name Paper Mill (Europe) Short Definition Water-powered (later mechanized) site for turning fiber into paper sheets Approximate…